Arterial blood gas abg analysis is a fundamental skill in modern medicine yet one which many find difficult to grasp. Hes taught nurses, physicians, paramedics, and respiratory therapists. This is bicarbonate, a chemical buffer made in the kidneys to neutralize acids. Now, answer these questions and see how many you can hit right. Everyone can read an electrolyte level, but when faced with a list of abgs, most nurses wilt. Once a tube is secured into the patients trachea, the tube can then be connected to the mechanical ventilator. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about easy abg interpretation ppt.
Interpreting abgs arterial blood gases made easy ausmed. This method is simple, easy and can be used for the majority of abgs. Sep 07, 2009 basics in arterial blood gas interpretation slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Over half of the book is devoted to thirty clinical case scenarios involving analysis of arterial blood gases, allowing the reader to gain both proficiency in interpretation and an appreciation of the role of an abg in guiding clinical diagnosis and management. Application of modified henderson equation in abg interpretation. Based on their values, we need to determine in which column well place ph, paco 2, and hco 3 in the grid. Arterial blood gas analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patients oxygenation status and acidbase balance. It only addresses acidbase balance and considers just 3 values. The fooproof 5 step approach to acid base 716548 ppt. But, interpreting abg results has always been very complicateduntil now. With this process, the machine can do all the breathing or just assist with the patients breathing. Sodium and chloride are required for anion gap calculation. However, the more complicated and in some ways more important part of abg analysis is ph regulation. By using simple graphs, lots of pictures, and about a 9th grade reading level, two men have finally made understanding abg s easy.
Arterial blood gas analysis measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. This method includes assessment of rhythm, calculating heart rate, observing pwave forms, measurement of intervals and segments and the evaluation of. The patient is then beta blocked to ensure their intrinsic rate. When the ph is normal, it will be fully compensated. Abgs made easy for nurses w tic tac toe method for arterial blood gas interpretation. The cause of the acidosis is the p a co 2, which is the respiratory component of the abg results. The patients clinical history and a knowledge of preexisting abnormalities is of great importance in assessment of abg values. The real value of an abg comes from its ability to provide a nearimmediate reflection of the physiology of your patient, allowing you to recognise and treat pathology more rapidly. Analyze the ph the first step in analyzing abgs is to look at the ph. This had been preceded by 30 minutes of severe central chest pain. In most cases, barotrauma is highly prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd that are receiving mechanical. Fortunately, there are some easy ways to remember how to decipher these important lab results. This test is used to check the function of the lungs, and how well they are able to move oxygen into the blood and eliminate carbon dioxide. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
The book is called arterial blood gas anslysis made easy isbn. We have created three arterial blood gas analysis slidesets. Jan 16, 2019 once youve memorized the normal values and the diagram, create a blank your tictactoe grid and label the top row as acidosis, normal, and alkalosis. Abg interpretation steps to abg interpretation step 1. They are written by uk doctors and based on research evidence, uk and european guidelines. Arterial blood gas analysis for emergency medicine registrars very helpful investigation in critical care you should be an expert you need a system, and must be thorough they are not really that hard part 1 the basics part 2 compensation part 3 metabolic acidosis part 4 metabolic alkalosis. This book provides readers with the core background knowledge required to understand the abg, explains how it is used in clinical practice and provides a unique system for interpreting results. This analyzer should not substitute for clinical context. As a result, the lungs collapse and this can lead to very serious lung conditions that can affect breathing.
Before making an interpretation of an abg it is always ofwise to check for the consistency of the report bicarbonateby the modified henderson equation. If you want to put your abg interpretation skills to the test, check out our abg quiz. Take these 6 easy steps to abg analysis article in nursing made incredibly easy 41. Once youve mastered this technique, youll be doing actual abg interpretation in the nclex with fun and excitement. As part of routine trauma labs, you get what looks like a normal abg to you. Take these 6 easy steps to abg analysis request pdf. As such, the pacemakers base rate is set higher than demand pacemakers.
Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky medics. Abg practice these 15 abg interpretation exercises are in quiz format so you can test your knowledge. Abg or arterial blood gas analysis made easy home facebook. Determine the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis by looking at the pco2 and hco3if ph easy steps to. If both the pco2 and hco3 are abnormal, the one which deviates most from the norm is most likely causing an abnormal ph. This abg practice quiz has 10 questions that will test your knowledge about metabolic and respiratory disorders.
Arterial blood gasses, or abgs, may be among the most complex and confusing parts of nursing practice. The focus of this introductory ecg course is to provide a tutorial about the main features of ecgs along with a method for analyzing ecgs. In order to easily solve arterial blood gas problems, the tic tac toe method is the best way for doing this. Partial compensation ph is still abnormal, and the other value is abnormal in an attempt to help normalise the ph. Normal values to check in abg before actually starting to interpret the abg reports, one needs to remember the following normal values, without which, it is impossible to analyze anything. Vital signs have now made a slight change from being within normal limits to blood pressure 12070 mm hg, hr 102, and respiratory rate 30. To see how to perform an arterial blood gas check out our guide here. Orlando health is an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the florida board. This tictactoe technique involves a few charts to help you visualize abgs. Crt devices work slightly differently to normal pacemakers rather than pacing only on demand, you want the patient to be using the pacemaker 90% of the time to get the maximum effect from the device. Determine if ph is under normal, acidosis, or alkalosis.
The usefulness of this diagnostic tool is dependent. Arterial blood gases abgs are an important routine investigation to monitor the. Arterial blood gases abgs are measured in a laboratory test to determine the extent of compensation by the buffer system. View abgpractice from finance 5000 at university of memphis. Rafanan, md, fpccp pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine chong hua hospital, cebu city. May 18, 2016 goal is to help students identify primary acid base disorders in a few simple steps. This is a measure of the % of oxygen that is attached to hemoglobin in red blood cells. Woodruff, msn, rnbc, cns, cmsrn, cen 6 easy steps to. Electrolyte imbalances and lab values made easy with. That makes the interpretation of these abg results is uncompensated respiratory acidosis. This page is based on the bestseller in the us for the past decade on abgs. Apr 16, 2020 an arterial blood gas abg is a blood test that is used to measure a few vital things is the body, such as the levels of oxygen o2, carbon dioxide co2, acid, or ph from an artery.
Abgpractice abg practice these 15 abg interpretation. When one thinks of abg analysis, oxygenation may come to mind first. Normal pao2 levels subtract 1 mm hg from 80 mmhg for year over 60 to determine normal pao2 by age. In addition, you will be tested on if the disorder is partially compensated or uncompensated based on the lab values. The ventilator works by blowing pressure air plus oxygen as needed into a patients lungs. The lab calls you because they heard the patient is hypothermic, and would like to give you a corrected abg report. Jan 26, 2015 professional reference articles are designed for health professionals to use. Arterial blood gas analysis workshop page 6 of 8 arterial blood gas analysis workshop scenario 3 initial information a 75 year old woman is admitted to the accident and emergency department following a vf cardiac arrest, which was witnessed by the paramedics. Body will not overcompensate when it comes to acidbase balance so.
Abg analysis can also determine blood acidity ph level. Abg quick interpretation parameter acidosis normal alkalosis reflects ph 7. You may find the arterial blood gases article more useful, or one of our other health articles. Arterial blood gases indications and interpretation. Barotrauma this is a condition in which the tiny air sacs within the lungs known as alveoli, burst or rupture due to increased pressure. Please note some medical directors abg parameters may vary slightly. Arterial blood gases abg results reflect underlying pathology and interpretation of the results are often compounded by ongoing disease processes and clinical interventions. These presentations provides a introduction to arterial blood gas procedures, abgs interpretation and 15 practice cases.